Oil fuel feed device



July 4, 1944. J. E. BLANDIN OIL FUEL DEVICE Filed Sept. 10, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

July 4, 1944;

J. E. BLANDING OIL FUEL FEED DEVICE Filed Sept. 10, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

y 1944. J. E. BLANDING" 2,352,682:

OIL FUEL FEED DEVICE Filed Sept; 10, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 accordance with the therein, Figure 1 havingbeen taken on line l-l of Figure 2.

Patented July 4, 1944 UNITED STATES PAT ENT OFFICE on. FUEL FEED DEVICE Joseph Edward Blanding, New Londom'Connljassignor of forty-nine per cent-to Patrick- Bartholomew McNamara, Groton, Conn; r pli ation September 10,1942, Serial No'. 451,8 1

3 Claims.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and aims toimprove generally the constructionembodied in my Patent No. 1,609,686.

The primary object of the invention is to provide means for feedingfuel oilto the engine in a fine film, and to admit air in such a Way that the fuel oil will be thoroughly mixed and vaporized, during the intake stroke of the engine piston, insuring perfect combustion, to the end that the fuel charge is entirely burned and consumed within the engine cylinder, during the power stroke of the engine, and to provide a lower compression ratio of fuel charge toignite and fire the compressed fuel charge in the engine cylinder, during the power stroke of the engine,- by heat of compression.

, Another object of the invention is to provide a charge forming device wherein the body portion is constructedin sections, so that by adjusting the sections with respect to each other, the control valves of the device may be adjusted. a

. Still another object of the inventionis to provide a. charge forming device including a turbulence chamber, so constructed that the mixture of fuel oil and air will insure the turbulence of the mixture within the chamber, the chamber being heated, by the heat of the engine.

With the foregoing .and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise mbodiment of the invention herein described, may be made within'the scope of What is claimed, without departing from the spirit of the invention- 1 Referring to the drawings: a

Figure 1 is a vertical sectionalview through the upper end of a cylinder and water jacket with the charge forming device, constructed in invention, as mounted Figure 2 is a plan view of the device.

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the charge forming device, taken at right angles to Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6-15 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is an elevational view of an engine,

illustrating the "charge formlngxdevice as mounted thereon. .r

The reference characteri designates an engine cylinder, and the reference character 6 designates the water jacket thereof. I

The water jacket or head of the cylinderis provided with an opening, in which the charge forming device forming the subject matter of the present invention, is mounted.

The charge forming device comprises a main section I, which 'is'.ho1low==and formed with a reduced end portion which is fitted in the lower section 8, which is also hollow, the sections 1 and 8 being secured together, by means of the screw 9.

The? lower section a c'ons'titutes the turbulence chamber of-the device; an'das shown, has its lower end closed by the'wall l0,-the upper surface of :which is:concav'ed, 'as'clearly shown by Figure 1 of the drawings. I

A series of openings ll are arrang'ed at oblique angleswith respect-to the vertical-wall of the turbulence chamber; and establish communication between theturbulence chamber and the engine cylinder with which the charge forming device is used. I

. The main section 1 provides amixing chamber 12 that has its lower end tapered as at I3Providing. a. substantially funnel-like bottom. The lower endof the. main section 1 isbeveled, providing a valve seat for the main control valve indicated at I4. The valvezll i s'm'oun ted on the lower end of the valve rod is, the valve rod I5 being of a length toextend slightly above the upper end of the mainsectionl."

The reference'character l6 designates asupporting disk which is of adiameter to closely fit within the wall of .the' rnixing chamber, and rests on the upper edge ofthe funnel-shaped bottom I3 of the mixing chamber; The valve rod I5 movesthrough'thecentral opening in the supporting disk l6, andisprovided with an elongated; bearin l1 formed with longitudinal openings, whereby" the fuel charge may'pass from themixing chamber to the turbulence chamber.

.A 'pluralit'y of openin'gsfindicated at 18 are formed in the disk Iii-, and provide passageways for the mixture to enter the turbulence chamber from the mixing chamber.

These openings l8 are flared outwardly at their lower ends so that as the fuel charge passes from the mixing chamber, the charge may spread when striking the inclined surface or bottom l3, resulting in the charge being broken into fine particles.

The disk, l6 also provides a support for the ,ture.

coiled spring l9 which has its upper end bearing against the washer 20, whereupon the coiled spring I 9 is held in position at all times.

The reference character 2| designates the upper section of the charge forming device, which is bolted to the main section 1, the section 2| being adjusted with respect to the main section I, by means of the shims 22.

The lower end 9f the upper section 2 I; is beveled, providing a valve seat for the valve 23. The lower end of the valve stem 24 is provided with a bearing 25 movable therewith. The bearing 25 is formed with longitudinal bores 26, through which air passes, and rests on the bottom of, the opening formed centrally of the upper section 2| of the charge forming device. Mounted on the upper end of the valve stem 24, is a cap against which the upper end of the valve spring 21- engages. Thus it will be seen that due to this construction, the valve 23 is normally held to its seat, by the action .of thecoiled spring 27. While the valve 23 normally lies in spaced relation'with the upper end of the valve stem I5, the downward movement of the valve 23 operates to move the valve stem l5 downwardly unseating th valve M, against the action of the coiled spring I9. It will therefore be seen thatby removing or adding shims 22, the space between the valve 23 and upper end of valve stem l5 may be regulated, adjusting the throw of the valve l4.

As clearly shown byFigurel of the drawings, the valve seat for the valve 23, is formed with an annular groov 29 that communicates with the oil passageway 30 formed in the upper section 2|,

theoil passageway 30 being supplied with oil,

controlled-by the needle valve 33 that is. controlled by means of the rocker arm 34 controlled by the action of the push rod 35.

e upp r e i n .2 I- of the charge forming device, is also providedwith bores 36 that extend from the top of the upper section 2 I to points adjacent to the periphery of the lower edge of the valve 23, so that air drawn into the mixing chamber, will intercept the oil which is passing downwardly over the cone-shaped valve 23 in a fine film, resulting ina thorough mixing of the oil and air providing a. highly combustible mix- The valve 33 is operated byrthe rocker arm 3'! which in turn is; operated by a cam controlled push rod not shown which forms a part of the usual internal combustion engine.

Mounted on one end of the rocker arm 31, is an adjusting screw 38 which is provided with a sprocket in which the ball 39 is mounted so that an adjustment of the screw 38 may be readily made, to control the flow of the valve 23.

From the foregoing it will be seen that due to the construction shown and described, liquid fuel is drawn into the combustion chamber through the passageway 30, whereit is spread over the surface of the valve 23 forming a fine film to be picked up by the air drawn into the mixing chamber, through the air passageways 36 that intercept the film of oil, at a point adjacent to the lower end of the valve 23. A charge resulting from the mixture of oil and air, passes from the mixing chamber, through the openings of the disk l6, and passes into the turbulence chamber which, dueto its heated condition, insures a highly combustible charge passing into. the engine cylinder. Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

I 1. A charge forming device adapted to be positioned in an opening of an internal combustion enginacomprising a body portion, said body portion having a mixing chamber formed with a tapered bottom, a disk mounted within the mixing chamber and engaging the wall of the mixing chamber adjacent to the bottom thereof, said disk having a plurality of openings disposed ad jacent to its edge and having another'circular line of openings adjacent to the center thereof, said openings being outwardly flared at their lower ends, and adapted to direct fuel against the tapered bottom of the mixing chamber, a turbulence chamber at the lower end of the body portion and being in communication with the mixing chamber, to receive a fuel charge therefrom, said. turbulence chamber adapted to discharge fuel into an engine cylinder on which the body portion is mounted, and a valve for controlling the passage of fuel into said turbulence chamber.

2, A charge forming device adapted to be positioned in an opening of an internal combustion engine, comprising a body portion, said body portion having a mixing chamber formed with 'a-ta; pered bottom, a disk mounted within the mixing chamber and adapted to substantially close the bottom of the mixing chamber, said disk having a plurality of openings formed therein, said open ings being outwardly flared, at their lower ends,

and through which a fuel charge passes to the.

tapered bottom, a turbulence chamber at the lower end ofthe body portion, said turbulence chamber being in communication with the mixing chamber to receive a fuel charge therefrom, and a valve for controlling the passage of fuel into said mixing chamber.

3. A charge forming device adapted to sitioned in an opening of an internal combustion engine, comprising a body portion, said body portion having a mixing chamber formed with a tapered bottom, means for directing fuel from the mixing chamber against the tapered bottom, in a. plurality of streams, said .fuel directing means embodying'a disk mounted within the mixing chamber and having a plurality of openings, the walls of said openings being flared outwardly at the lower ends thereof whereby the fuel charge passing therethrough spreads, a turbulence chamber below the mixing chamber and being aln communication with the mixingechamber, ands.

valve for controlling the passage. of fueli into said mixing chamber.

JOSEPH EDWARD BLANDING.

be po- 

